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N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC): An interesting dietary supplement for PCOS

  • Dr. rer. nat. Birgit Wogatzky
  • April 8, 2024
  • 9:32 am
NAC is a promising supplement for PCOS NAC ist ein interessantes Nahrungsergänzungsmittel bei PCOS

N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) may not be known to many, but its role in natural health is significant. It is also increasingly being investigated for use in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). NAC is a more stable form of the protein building block cysteine, which is found in many protein-rich foods. It is available as a dietary supplement and is considered extremely safe, with only a few known side effects at extremely high doses.

NAC and general health

One of the most important functions of NAC is its role as a precursor for the production of glutathione, a vital antioxidant in the body. This property has led to NAC being studied for a variety of health problems, including cardiovascular disease and mental health. Recent studies also show promising results regarding its importance for fertility in general and PCOS in particular.

NAC and fertility

Studies suggest that NAC may be important for both male and female fertility. In men, it has been found that taking NAC can improve sperm quality. In women, particularly those with endometriosis or recurrent miscarriages, a positive effect on fertility has also been observed.

NAC and PCOS

Research shows that NAC can also improve insulin sensitivity, which is important for women with PCOS. A randomised double-blind study with PCOS patients showed significant improvements in metabolism after treatment with NAC over 24 weeks. In addition, NAC was able to improve the regularity of ovulation and increase the probability of pregnancy.

NAC as a dietary supplement for PCOS

NAC is available over the counter and has few side effects in normal doses. It can be combined with other micronutrients such as inositol or vitamin D for even better results in PCOS. Products such as Fertilovit® F PCOS offer an optimal combination of these nutrients to support women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

 

Please talk to your doctor before taking NAC, especially if you are already taking medication. However, in the right dosage, NAC can be a promising supplement for the treatment of fertility problems and PCOS.

References:

Amin AF, Shaaban OM, Bediawy MA. N-acetyl cysteine for treatment of recurrent unexplained pregnancy loss. Reprod Biomed Online. 2008 Nov;17(5):722-6.

Badawy A, State O, Abdelgawad S. N-Acetyl cysteine and clomiphene citrate for induction of ovulation in polycystic ovary syndrome: a cross-over trial. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2007;86(2):218-22.

Bashan N, Kovsan J, Kachko I, Ovadia H, Rudich A.Positive and negative regulation of insulin signaling by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Physiol Rev. 2009 Jan;89(1):27-71. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00014.2008.

Cheraghi E, Mehranjani MS, Shariatzadeh MA, Esfahani MH, Ebrahimi Z. N-Acetylcysteine improves oocyte and embryo quality in polycystic ovary syndrome patients undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection: an alternative to metformin. Reprod Fertil Dev. 2016 Apr;28(6):723-31. doi: 10.1071/RD14182.

Cheraghi E, Soleimani Mehranjani M, Shariatzadeh SMA, Nasr Esfahani MH, Alani B. N-Acetylcysteine Compared to Metformin, Improves The Expression Profile of Growth Differentiation Factor-9 and Receptor Tyrosine Kinase c-Kit in The Oocytes of Patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. Int J Fertil Steril. 2018 Jan;11(4):270-278. doi: 10.22074/ijfs.2018.5142. Epub 2017 Oct 12.

Ciftci H, Verit A, Savas M, Yeni E, Erel O. Effects of N-acetylcysteine on semen parameters and oxidative/antioxidant status. Urology. 2009 Jul;74(1):73-6. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.02.034. Epub 2009 May 9.

Javanmanesh F, Kashanian M, Rahimi M, Sheikhansari N. A comparison between the effects of metformin and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) on some metabolic and endocrine characteristics of women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2016;32(4):285-9. doi: 10.3109/09513590.2015.1115974. Epub 2015 Dec 10.

Mokhtari V, Afsharian P, Shahhoseini M, Kalantar SM, Moini A. A Review on Various Uses of N-Acetyl Cysteine. Cell J. 2017 Apr-Jun;19(1):11-17. Epub 2016 Dec 21.

Nemati M, Nemati S, Taheri AM, Heidari B. Comparison of metformin and N-acetyl cysteine, as an adjuvant to clomiphene citrate, in clomiphene-resistant women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod. 2017 Sep;46(7):579-585. doi: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2017.07.004. Epub 2017 Jul 8.

Porpora MG, Brunelli R, Costa G, Imperiale L, Krasnowska EK, Lundeberg T, Nofroni I, Piccioni MG, Pittaluga E, Ticino A, Parasassi T. A promise in the treatment of endometriosis: an observational cohort study on ovarian endometrioma reduction by N-acetylcysteine. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:240702. doi: 10.1155/2013/240702. Epub 2013 May 7.

Shahveghar Asl Z, Parastouei K, Eskandari E. The effects of N-acetylcysteine on ovulation and sex hormones profile in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Nutr. 2023 Jan 4:1-28. doi: 10.1017/S0007114522003270. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36597797.

Thakker D, Raval A, Patel I, Walia R. N-acetylcysteine for polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Obstet Gynecol Int. 2015;2015:817849. doi: 10.1155/2015/817849. Epub 2015 Jan 8.

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