Cuando se trata de prepararse para el embarazo, no se puede subestimar la importancia de una ingesta suficiente de \u00e1cido f\u00f3lico. Esta vitamina B esencial desempe\u00f1a un papel crucial en la reducci\u00f3n del riesgo de defectos del tubo neural (DTN), defectos cong\u00e9nitos graves que afectan la m\u00e9dula espinal y el cerebro. El tubo neural se forma muy temprano en el embarazo, en un momento en el que la mayor\u00eda de las mujeres embarazadas a\u00fan desconocen a su beb\u00e9. Para que el tubo neural se desarrolle de forma normal y saludable, necesita un aporte suficiente de \u00e1cido f\u00f3lico por parte de la madre. Con aproximadamente 3000 embarazos en los EE. UU. afectados por enfermedades del tubo neural cada a\u00f1o, garantizar niveles adecuados de \u00e1cido f\u00f3lico es primordial para la salud materna y fetal.<\/p>\n
Las autoridades sanitarias de todo el mundo recomiendan complementar con al menos 400 \u00b5g de \u00e1cido f\u00f3lico un mes antes de la concepci\u00f3n y durante el primer trimestre del embarazo. Se ha demostrado que este r\u00e9gimen reduce el riesgo de defectos del tubo neural hasta en 70%, y las investigaciones emergentes sugieren beneficios potenciales para reducir tambi\u00e9n el riesgo de otros defectos cong\u00e9nitos.<\/p>\n
Sin embargo, en medio de las orientaciones sobre el \u00e1cido f\u00f3lico, a menudo surge confusi\u00f3n respecto a la elecci\u00f3n entre el \u00e1cido f\u00f3lico y su hom\u00f3logo natural, el folato. Entonces, \u00bfqu\u00e9 diferencia exactamente a estos dos?<\/p>\n
El folato sirve como t\u00e9rmino general tanto para el folato alimentario natural como para el \u00e1cido f\u00f3lico sint\u00e9tico que se encuentra en los suplementos. Si bien la biodisponibilidad del folato alimentario es menor en comparaci\u00f3n con el \u00e1cido f\u00f3lico sint\u00e9tico, este \u00faltimo cuenta con una mayor estabilidad y es la forma preferida para la suplementaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n
Es importante destacar que ambas formas requieren conversi\u00f3n a la forma activa, 5-metiltetrahidrofolato (5-MTHF), antes de que el cuerpo pueda utilizarlas. Si bien la mayor parte del folato de la dieta sufre esta conversi\u00f3n en el sistema digestivo, una porci\u00f3n significativa del \u00e1cido f\u00f3lico debe convertirse en el h\u00edgado u otros tejidos, un proceso facilitado por la enzima MTHFR. Sin embargo, las variaciones gen\u00e9ticas en MTHFR pueden obstaculizar esta conversi\u00f3n, afectando la eficacia de la suplementaci\u00f3n con folato\/\u00e1cido f\u00f3lico.<\/p>\n
Para las personas con problemas de conversi\u00f3n, las opciones incluyen complementar con 400 \u00b5g de la forma activa de folato o duplicar la dosis recomendada de \u00e1cido f\u00f3lico a 800 \u00b5g diarios para lograr los niveles protectores de folato deseados en la sangre.<\/p>\n
\u201eGeneralmente, las vitaminas contienen entre 400 y 800 mcg de \u00e1cido f\u00f3lico, pero algunas contienen otras formas de folato (como el 5-MTHF). El \u00e1cido f\u00f3lico es la \u00fanica forma de folato que ha demostrado ayudar a prevenir los defectos del tubo neural. No existen estudios cient\u00edficos que demuestren que los suplementos que contienen otras formas de folato puedan prevenir los defectos del tubo neural. Es importante recordar a los pacientes que revisen las etiquetas de los suplementos para asegurarse de que contengan \u00e1cido f\u00f3lico". Centros para el control y la prevenci\u00f3n de enfermedades de EE. UU.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
Beneficios de 800 \u00b5g de \u00e1cido f\u00f3lico<\/h2>\n
Seg\u00fan el profesor Christian Thaler de la Universidad de Munich, esta dosis m\u00e1s alta de \u00e1cido f\u00f3lico beneficia la fertilidad y mejora los resultados en pacientes de FIV con la variante gen\u00e9tica. Tambi\u00e9n acelera el logro de niveles protectores de folato en sangre. Adem\u00e1s, una investigaci\u00f3n realizada por Jorge Chavarro de la Escuela de Salud P\u00fablica de Harvard sugiere que una ingesta diaria de \u00e1cido f\u00f3lico superior a 730 \u00b5g puede reducir el riesgo de aborto espont\u00e1neo y muerte fetal.<\/p>\n
Armadas con este conocimiento, las mujeres que planean un embarazo pueden complementar con confianza con 800 \u00b5g de \u00e1cido f\u00f3lico al d\u00eda<\/a> desde al menos un mes antes de la concepci\u00f3n hasta el primer trimestre, asegurando una atenci\u00f3n integral apoyo<\/a> para la salud materna y fetal.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Referencias<\/h3>\n
Centros de EE. UU. para el control y la prevenci\u00f3n de enfermedades https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/folic-acid\/hcp\/clinical-overview\/<\/p>\n
Chavarro JE, Rich-Edwards JW, Gaskins AJ, Farland LV, Terry KL, ScD, Zhang C, Missmer SA. Contribuciones de los estudios de salud de las enfermeras a la investigaci\u00f3n en salud reproductiva. AJPH 2016, Vol 106, N\u00b0 9.<\/p>\n
Pietrzik K. et al. Estudio doble ciego, aleatorizado, controlado con placebo que eval\u00faa la eficacia de un suplemento multivitam\u00ednico que contiene \u00e1cido f\u00f3lico para aumentar los niveles de folato en eritrocitos en mujeres j\u00f3venes en edad f\u00e9rtil. Ann de Nutr & Metab 2005; 6.7.29: 368.<\/p>\n
Thaler CJ. Metabolismo del folato y reproducci\u00f3n humana. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilk\u00f6d. Septiembre de 2014; 74 (9): 845-851.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
When it comes to preparing for pregnancy, the importance of sufficient folic acid intake cannot be overstated. This essential B-vitamin plays a crucial role in reducing the risk of neural tube defects (NTDs) \u2013 serious birth defects affecting the spinal cord and brain. The neural tube forms very early in pregnancy, at a time when […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":12165,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[213,174],"tags":[248,247,249,205,250,251],"class_list":["post-12161","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-preconception","category-pregnancy","tag-folate","tag-folic-acid","tag-neural-tube-disorder","tag-preconception","tag-prenatal","tag-vitamins"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n
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